What are the effects of too much sodium in the diet?

Too much sodium in the diet is primarily associated with high blood pressure and an increased risk of heart disease. Sodium plays a crucial role in regulating fluid balance in the body. When sodium intake is excessive, it can lead to the retention of water, which increases blood volume. This increased blood volume can elevate blood pressure because the heart has to work harder to pump the additional fluid through the blood vessels. Over time, this can contribute to the development of hypertension, which is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, monitoring sodium intake is critical for maintaining cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases.